Vehicle Maintenance Manager’s Guide

to Environmental Excellence

 

Table of Contents

 

Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1     Your Environmental Policy

1.2     Environmental Impact

1.3     The Regulatory Maze

1.4     Costs and Penalties

1.5     For Further Assistance

Chapter 2

Managing Your Environmental Program

2.1     What Should Your Program Cover?

2.2     The 15 Keys to Environmental Program Management

2.3     Audits and Management Review

2.4     Training and Record Keeping

2.5     Staying Clean With EPA

Common Violations

The Enforcement Process

The Inspection

Be Prepared

2.6     Conclusion

Chapter 3

Hazard Communication Standard

3.1     Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

3.2     Basic HCS Requirements

3.3     Hazardous Products and Materials Inventory

3.4     Additional Comments

3.5     Specific Hazards

3.6     Exemptions

3.7     Determining the Hazard Class

3.8     Proper Labeling

3.9     Written Hazard Communication Plan

3.10    Employee Training

3.11    Quick Check

Chapter 4

Community Right-to-Know

4.1     Important Exceptions

4.2     Reporting of Environmental Releases

4.3     Quick Check

Chapter 5

Hazardous Waste Management

5.1     Important State Variations

5.2     Summary of Requirements

5.3     What is a Hazardous Waste?

Listed Hazardous Wastes

LISTED HAZARDOUS WASTES COMMONLY

USED IN VEHICLE MAINTENANCE

Characteristic Hazardous Wastes

Maximum Concentration of Contaminants

for the Toxicity Characteristic

Acutely Hazardous Wastes

Special Rules

Aerosol Cans

Empty Drums and Containers

5.4     Waste Survey

5.5     Generator Status

Conditionally-Exempt Generator (CEG):

Small-Quantity Generator (SQG):

Large-Quantity Generator (LQG):

5.6     EPA Notification

5.7     Hazardous Waste Storage

Aboveground Tank, Container and Drum Storage:

Underground Tank Storage:

5.8     Manifests/Transportation

5.9     Reporting and Record Keeping

5.10    Emergency Coordinators

5.11    Employee Training

5.12    Minimizing Hazardous Wastes

5.13    Universal Hazardous Wastes

What are UW Generator Requirements?

Mercury-containing Lamps

5.14    Additional Comments on Hazardous Waste Disposal

Disposing of CEG Hazardous Wastes

Bottles and Cans which are Not Empty

5.15    Superfund

5.16    Quick Check

Chapter 6

Transportation of Hazardous Materials

6.1     HazMat Employee Training

Training Requirements

Examples of Covered Vehicle Maintenance Hazmat

6.2     Transporting Hazardous Materials in Company Vehicles

Exemptions for Materials-of-Trade

6.3     Transporting Wastes in Mobile Servicing Trucks

6.4     Quick Check

Chapter 7

Used Oil Management

7.1     Used Oil Management Standards

Storage

Transportation

7.2     Mixing Other Materials With Used Oil

7.3     Characteristics of Used Oil

On-Spec Used Oil¹

7.4     Storage of Used Oil

Recommended Used Oil UST Operating Practices

Special Rules on Used Oil USTs

Aboveground Used Oil Tanks

Recommended Outdoor Drum Storage Practices

7.5     Alternatives for Used Oil Utilization

On-site Energy Recovery

7.6     Used Oil Filter Disposal/Recycling

Options

What Happens to My Filters?

7.7     Absorbents Contaminated with Used Oil and Other Materials

7.8     Other Wastes Contaminated With Used Oil

7.9     Accepting Used Oil from the Public

7.10    Minimization of Used Oil and Related Debris

7.11    Quick Check

Chapter 8

Underground Storage Tanks

8.1     State Variations

8.2     Federal Exemptions

8.3     New Tanks

8.4     Existing Tanks

8.5     Leak Detection

8.6     Used Oil and Other Small USTs

8.7     Release Reporting and Investigation

8.8     Confirmed Releases

8.9     Initial Site Characterization

8.10    Soil and Groundwater Investigations and Corrective Action

8.11    Temporary and Permanent Closure

8.12    Tank Removal

8.13    Financial Responsibility and Reimbursement

8.14    Record Keeping

8.15    Quick Check

Chapter 9

Wastewater Management

9.1     Sources of Wastewater

9.2     Recommended Management Practices

9.3     Wastewater Collection and Discharge

9.4     Operation and Maintenance of OWSs

9.5     Spent Coolants and Radiator Flushing Solutions

9.6     Vehicle Washing

9.7     Improving Other Wastewater Characteristics

9.8     Other Disposal and Treatment Options

9.9     Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasures (SPCC

9.10    Storm Water Regulations and Controls

9.11    Quick Check

Chapter 10

Special Topics

10.1    Reusing, Rebuilding and Recycling

10.2    Municipal Solid Waste

10.3    Scrap Tires

10.4    Parts Cleaning Solvents

Types of Equipment

Mixing Solvents With Used Oil

Recommended Management Practices

Other Alternatives

10.5    Battery Storage and Recycling

State Regulations

Recommended Management Practices

Storage of New and Used Batteries

10.6 Antifreeze Disposal and Recycling

Recycling Antifreeze Off-site

Recycling Antifreeze On-Site

Discharging Spent Antifreeze to POTWs

Storage and Collection of Used Antifreeze

Other Antifreeze Issues

Alternatives to Conventional Coolants

10.7    Vehicle Refinishing

10.8    Environmental Policies for the Parts Department

10.9    Quick Check

Chapter 11

Impact of the Clean Air Act on Vehicles and Fuels

11.1    Introduction

11.2    Mobile Air Conditioning and Refrigeration

Summary of Requirements

Refrigerant Recycling Equipment

Other Challenges Ahead

On-site Recycling vs. Recovery/Shipment

EPA-Accepted Refrigerants and Their Identification

Labeling

Leak Detection

Refrigerant Identifier Units

Types of Contamination

Off-site Reclamation or Destruction

The Future of A/C Refrigerants

Stationary Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Systems

11.3    Parts Cleaning

11.4    Maintenance Chemicals

11.5    Emission Controls, Inspection and Maintenance

Catalytic Converters

Onboard Diagnostics

Inspection and Maintenance Programs

                   Warranties

Fines and Penalties

Engine Rebuilding

Diesel Smoke Emissions

11.6  Fuels and Refueling

Fuel Conversions

Refueling Emission Control

              Stage I Vapor Controls

              Stage II Vapor Controls

              Gasoline Dispenser Flow Restrictions

Oxy-Fuels

Clean Diesel Fuels

Reformulated Gasoline (RFG)

Fuel Additives and Detergents

11.6    Alternative Fuels

Clean Fuel Fleet Program (CAAA)

Alternate-Fueled Vehicle Requirements of the Energy Policy Act

Other Alternate-Fueled Vehicle Considerations

11.7    Automotive Refinishing

11.8    Quick Check

Chapter 12

Selecting Environmental Services

12.1    How to Select a Waste/Used Oil Processor

12.2    How to Select an Environmental Consultant

12.3    How to Select an Environmental Laboratory

   12.4    How to Select an Equipment Supplier

12.6    Quick Check

Chapter 13

Environmental Considerations in Real Estate Transfers

13.1    ASTM Standard

Transaction Screen

Phase I Assessment

Phase II Assessment

Phase III Assessment

13.2    Limiting Liability

13.3    Other Property and Facility Aspects

13.4    Operational Considerations

13.5    Conclusion